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D-Limonene is a naturally derived citrus terpene solvent, extracted from orange peel, supplied as a clear, colourless to pale-yellow liquid with a strong orange odour. It functions as a natural…
CAS Number
5989-27-5
HS Code
29.02.19
INCI Name
D Limonene
Molecular Formula
C10H16
D-Limonene is a naturally derived citrus terpene solvent, extracted from orange peel, supplied as a clear, colourless to pale-yellow liquid with a strong orange odour. It functions as a natural solvent / degreaser, fragrance ingredient, flavour ingredient, bio-based intermediate…
CAS Number
5989-27-5
INCI Name
D Limonene
HS Code
29.02.19
Molecular Formula
C10H16
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| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Pleasant, lemon-like odor |
| Molecular Weight | 136.23 g/mol |
| Density / Specific Gravity | 0.841 g/cm³ |
| Viscosity | 0.897 mPa·s (at 25 °C) |
| Refractive Index | 1.4724 (at 20 °C) |
| Assay / Purity | 95.52 % (area) |
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Ionic Nature | Non-ionic |
| Incompatibilities | Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, acidic clays, peroxides, halogens, vinyl chloride, and iodine pentafluoride. |
| Hazardous Reactions / Decomposition Products | On combustion, may emit toxic fumes of carbon monoxide (CO). |
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | -74.35 °C |
| Boiling Point | 176 °C |
| Flash Point | 51 °C (closed cup) |
| Autoignition Temperature | 237 °C |
| Thermal Stability | Stable under normal conditions. Can be distilled without decomposition, but oxidizes in moist air. |
| Application | Recommended / Max Dosage |
|---|---|
| Food Industry | Flavouring substance |
| Fragrance Industry | Fragrance ingredient |
| Household and Institutional Cleaners | 5-15% |
D-Limonene is a naturally occurring citrus terpene recovered from orange and other citrus peels, and one of the most popular bio-based solvents on the market. With its powerful grease-cutting solvency, pleasant orange odour and renewable origin, it is used as a natural degreaser and cleaning solvent, a fragrance and flavour ingredient, a green replacement for petroleum and chlorinated solvents, and a bio-based chemical intermediate. Its appeal is being both effective and natural: D-limonene dissolves oils, greases, adhesives and resins comparably to harsh solvents, while being derived from a renewable citrus by-product and readily biodegradable. It is supplied in technical (cleaning), food/flavour and fragrance grades, distinguished by purity and odour profile. Industrial buyers sourcing D-Limonene in bulk also track d-limonene pricing closely, since it feeds directly into their downstream costs which is why working with an established d-limonene supplier and distributor like Elchemy matters.
D-Limonene is a naturally occurring citrus terpene recovered from orange and other citrus peels, and one of the most popular bio-based solvents on the market. With its powerful grease-cutting solvency, pleasant orange odour and renewable origin, it is used as a natural degreaser and cleaning solvent, a fragrance and flavour ingredient, a green replacement for petroleum and chlorinated solvents, and a bio-based chemical intermediate. Its appeal is being both effective and natural: D-limonene dissolves oils, greases, adhesives and resins comparably to harsh solvents, while being derived from a renewable citrus by-product and readily biodegradable. It is supplied in technical (cleaning), food/flavour and fragrance grades, distinguished by purity and odour profile. Industrial buyers sourcing D-Limonene in bulk also track d-limonene pricing closely, since it feeds directly into their downstream costs which is why working with an established d-limonene supplier and distributor like Elchemy matters.
| Region | Max Allowed Level | Notes | Certification Body |
|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | - | Listed on the Australian Inventory of Industrial Chemicals (AIIC). | AICIS registration. |
| Canada | - | Listed on the Natural Health Products Ingredients Database. Not found on the Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist of prohibited or restricted substances. | Listed on the Domestic Substances List (DSL). |
| China | - | Listed in the Inventory of Existing Cosmetic Ingredients in China (IECIC 2021). | NMPA approval for use in cosmetics. |
| United States | - | Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) by the FDA for use as a flavoring agent. Approved by the EPA as an active ingredient in certain pesticide products. | TSCA Inventory listed. |
| ASEAN | - | Must be declared on the label if concentration exceeds 0.001% (leave-on) or 0.01% (rinse-off), following EU guidelines. | Compliance with ASEAN Cosmetic Directive. |
| European Union | 50% | Regulated as a fragrance allergen. Its presence must be declared on the label of cosmetic products if its concentration exceeds 0.001% in leave-on products and 0.01% in rinse-off products. The IFRA standard requires the peroxide value to be below 20 mmol/L. | REACH registration, Compliance with EU Cosmetic Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009. |
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