Sulphuric Acid
ELRASATM – SLA
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Sulphuric Acid is a dense, colourless to pale-yellow, highly corrosive strong mineral acid the most produced industrial chemical in the world. It functions as a strong acid, dehydrating agent,…
CAS Number
7664-93-9
HS Code
2807.00.10
INCI Name
Sulphuric Acid
Molecular Formula
H2SO4
Sulphuric Acid
ELRASATM – SLA
Sulphuric Acid is a dense, colourless to pale-yellow, highly corrosive strong mineral acid the most produced industrial chemical in the world. It functions as a strong acid, dehydrating agent, catalyst, raw material across fertilisers, chemicals, metals & mining, batteries,…
CAS Number
7664-93-9
INCI Name
Sulphuric Acid
HS Code
2807.00.10
Molecular Formula
H2SO4
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Need pricing? Request a quote for this product and we'll get back to you shortly.
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Product Specification
Physical Properties
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | Colorless viscous liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Molecular Weight | 98.08 g/mol |
| Molecular Formula | H₂SO₄ |
| Density | 1.8302 g/cm³ |
| Specific Gravity | ~1.84 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Viscosity | 26.7 cP (20 °C) |
| Ph (Aqueous Solution) | <0.1 (93% Solution); 0.3 (5% or 1N Solution) |
| Assay / Purity | min 98.50% |
Chemical Properties
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Pka | pKa1 = -10, pKa2 = 2.0 |
| Ionic Nature | Strong mineral acid; diprotic |
| Incompatibilities | Reactive with water, bases, organic materials, combustible materials, reducing agents, and many metals. |
| Hazardous Reactions | Reacts violently with water, generating significant heat. Contact with most metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products | Upon heating to decomposition, may produce toxic fumes of sulfur oxides (SO₂, SO₃). |
Thermal Properties
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Melting Point | -64°C |
| Boiling Point | 337°C |
| Flash Point | Not flammable |
| Autoignition Temperature | Not flammable |
| Decomposition Temperature | 340°C |
| Thermal Stability | Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. |
Processing Methods & Reference Formulations
A. Acidic Drain Cleaner
A high-density formulation designed to sink through standing water and react with organic blockages like grease, hair, and food particles. The high concentration of sulphuric acid rapidly degrades these materials. Processing requires extreme caution, including slow mixing in a corrosion-resistant vessel with adequate ventilation.
| Key Ingredients | Indicative Dosage (% w/w) |
|---|---|
| Sulphuric Acid (93-98%) | 93.0 - 98.0% |
| Corrosion Inhibitors | 0.5 - 2.0% |
| Water | Balance to 100% |
B. Lead-Acid Battery Electrolyte (Standard Automotive)
The electrolyte is a critical component in lead-acid batteries, facilitating the flow of ions between the lead plates. The specific gravity is a key parameter for a fully charged battery. Formulation involves the careful and slow dilution of concentrated sulphuric acid into deionized water under cooling to manage the strong exothermic reaction.
| Key Ingredients | Indicative Dosage (% w/w) |
|---|---|
| Sulphuric Acid | ~37% |
| Deionized Water | ~63% |
Dosing Guidelines
A. Dosing by Application
| Application | Recommended / Max Dosage |
|---|---|
| Water Treatment (pH Adjustment) | 1 - 30 mg/L (for coagulation) |
| Battery Electrolyte | 29 - 50% concentration by weight |
| Metal Pickling | Varies (e.g., 50% concentration) |
| Chemical Synthesis | Varies (Stoichiometric or Catalytic) |
About Sulphuric Acid
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is the highest-tonnage industrial chemical in the world and a bedrock of the chemical economy. National sulphuric acid consumption is often used as an indicator of industrial activity. A strong, dense, powerfully dehydrating mineral acid, it is used above all in phosphate fertiliser manufacture, and across chemical synthesis, metal pickling and ore processing, petroleum refining, battery electrolyte and water treatment. It is supplied at various concentrations, most commonly 98% (concentrated), and in battery grade (high purity for lead-acid batteries) and technical grade. Its extreme corrosivity and strong affinity for water dictate specialised storage, handling and transport at every concentration. Industrial buyers sourcing Sulphuric Acid in bulk also track sulphuric acid pricing closely, since it feeds directly into their downstream costs which is why working with an established sulphuric acid supplier and distributor like Elchemy matters.
- High Purity Levels: Ensures optimal performance and reliability in various applications.
- Function: pH Adjuster, Catalyst, Dehydrating Agent, Reactant, Cleaning Agent.
- Colorless and Dense: Recognizable characteristics facilitate safe handling and assessment.
- Features: High concentration (98% assay), high density, strong acidity (pH <1), powerful oxidizing and dehydrating properties.
- Strong Corrosive Properties: Effectively engages in diverse chemical reactions and processes.
- Benefits: Highly effective and economical for large-scale industrial applications. Its reactivity is crucial for synthesizing a vast range of chemicals, fertilizers, and materials. It serves as a high-performance electrolyte in lead-acid batteries and is efficient in refining petroleum and processing metals.
- Stable Under Varied Conditions: Maintains integrity, reducing the risk of degradation.
- Advanced Purification Methods: Guarantees minimal impurities for consistent quality and safety.
About Sulphuric Acid
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is the highest-tonnage industrial chemical in the world and a bedrock of the chemical economy. National sulphuric acid consumption is often used as an indicator of industrial activity. A strong, dense, powerfully dehydrating mineral acid, it is used above all in phosphate fertiliser manufacture, and across chemical synthesis, metal pickling and ore processing, petroleum refining, battery electrolyte and water treatment. It is supplied at various concentrations, most commonly 98% (concentrated), and in battery grade (high purity for lead-acid batteries) and technical grade. Its extreme corrosivity and strong affinity for water dictate specialised storage, handling and transport at every concentration. Industrial buyers sourcing Sulphuric Acid in bulk also track sulphuric acid pricing closely, since it feeds directly into their downstream costs which is why working with an established sulphuric acid supplier and distributor like Elchemy matters.
- High Purity Levels: Ensures optimal performance and reliability in various applications.
- Function: pH Adjuster, Catalyst, Dehydrating Agent, Reactant, Cleaning Agent.
- Colorless and Dense: Recognizable characteristics facilitate safe handling and assessment.
- Features: High concentration (98% assay), high density, strong acidity (pH <1), powerful oxidizing and dehydrating properties.
- Strong Corrosive Properties: Effectively engages in diverse chemical reactions and processes.
- Benefits: Highly effective and economical for large-scale industrial applications. Its reactivity is crucial for synthesizing a vast range of chemicals, fertilizers, and materials. It serves as a high-performance electrolyte in lead-acid batteries and is efficient in refining petroleum and processing metals.
- Stable Under Varied Conditions: Maintains integrity, reducing the risk of degradation.
- Advanced Purification Methods: Guarantees minimal impurities for consistent quality and safety.
Regulatory Compliance
| Region | Max Allowed Level | Notes | Certification Body |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 0.014% | Listed on the TSCA Inventory. Regulated by OSHA for workplace exposure (PEL TWA 1 mg/m³). Classified as GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) for specific food uses. | TSCA |
| European Union | - | Registered under REACH. Harmonised classification as Skin Corrosion 1A (H314). | REACH |
| Canada | - | Listed on the Domestic Substances List (DSL). | DSL |
| India | - | Regulated under Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for quality specifications. | BIS Certification (IS 266) |
| Japan | - | Listed on the Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances (ENCS). | CSCL |
| Australia | - | Listed on the Australian Inventory of Industrial Chemicals (AIIC). | AICIS |
| China | - | Listed on the Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC). | IECSC |
| Republic of Korea | - | Registered under K-REACH. | K-REACH |
| ASEAN | - | Regulated under the ASEAN Cosmetic Directive. | - |
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